By Ari Ide-Ektessabi
This e-book demonstrates the purposes of synchrotron radiation in definite elements of cellphone microbiology, in particular non-destructive elemental analyses, chemical-state analyses and imaging (distribution) of the weather inside a phone. the fundamentals for figuring out and purposes of synchrotron radiation also are defined to make the contents extra simply understood for a large crew of researchers in clinical and organic sciences who may not be accustomed to the physics of synchrotron radiation.
Read or Download Applications of Synchrotron Radiation: Micro Beams in Cell Micro Biology and Medicine (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering) PDF
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Extra info for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation: Micro Beams in Cell Micro Biology and Medicine (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
Example text
1–3] applied PIXE, microbeam PIXE, and SR-XRF (synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) to the investigation of human tissues around total hip replacements where SUS316L and Ti-6Al-4V had been inserted into the human body for long periods of time. They showed that Fe, Cr, Ni, and Ti were released and distributed into the tissues around the total hip replacement in the form of mechanical friction and corrosion products from the implant. Characteristics of metal particles or ions, such as surface chemistry, surface morphology, net charge, porosity and degradation rate, are critical factors in their interaction with cells.
Aarnio, H. Lauranto, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A, 1989, 276, 608. 14. B. Vekemans, K. Janssens, L. Vincze, F. Adams, P. van Espen, Spectrochim. Acta B, 1995, 50, 149. 15. G. Ryan, E. L. H. R. Cousens, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B, 1988, 34, 396. 16. K. Sugihara, K. Tamura, M. Sato, K. Ohno, X-ray Spectrometry, 1999, 28, 446. 17. M. B. Hunter, Chemical Reviews, 2001, 101, 1809. 18. C. Bouldin, J. Sims, H. J. L. Ankudinov, X-ray Spectrometry, 2001, 30, 431. 36 2 Synchrotron Radiation and X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy 19.
The peak clipping approach provides rapid and robust estimation. 17) Yi = min Yi , mi where Yi is the count of channel i of the multi-channel analyzer, and mi is the mean of the counts of channel i − 1 and i + 1. When the count of a certain channel i is compared to mi , if Yi is larger than mi , it is replaced with mi . This procedure is repeated for the selected extent of channels and the projections of spectra are gradually removed. The background of the spectra can be estimated easily by repeating this replacement.